Upholstery machine



Aug. 2, 1960 J. s. KAMBORIAN UPHOLSTERY MACHINE Filed Nov. 18, 1957 4 Sheets-$heet 1 o M 24 14 "H O G o o/ 00 E3 Q 86 MN v 20 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed NOV. 18, 1957 Ja e/afar (7470i J2 Jamie/Zara I a'flhziwm/ 1960 J. s. KAMBORIAN 2,947,001

UPHOLSTERY MACHINE Filed NOV. 18, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 12% *W dZi izi Aug. 2, 1960 J. s. KAMBORIAN UPHOLSTERY momma Filed NOV. 18, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 aired? States 1 UPHOLSTERY MACHINE Jacob St Kamborian, West Newton, Mass. International Shoe Machine Corp., 292 Main St, Cambridge 42, Mass.) v.

Filed Nov, 18, 1957, Ser. No. 697,220

Claims. (Cl. 1-2) This invention relates to machines for stretching sheet material over one surface of a form, such as a rigid panel and securing the marginal portion on the back side of the form, such as disclosed in U.S. PatentNo. 2,667,908,

. and according to the method disclosed in U.S. Patent No.

without breaking through the margin. Another object is to provide apparatus for facilitating holding the'panels and advancing the same duringthe attaching'operation to facilitate stretching and pulling over both along the straight runs and around the corners without loss of control or wrinkling or 'bunching of the'margin. Another object is to, provide apparatus in which the pulling over can be applied without damage to the covering material or to a panel edge which is thin or soft. Another object is to provide apparatus for constantly taking up and compensating for slight losses in tension in the coveringibetween the pulling over inst'rnmentalitiesand the. attaching means due toelasticity in the material so as to keep the material abreast of the panel at all times and to prevent biasing of the margin relative to the edge of the panel. Other objects are to provide an apparatus in which the operating instrumentalities are brought into operation automatically and in which there are adjustments which adapt it for use with covering materials and panels of different thickness. 1 1 E r As herein illustrated, the: apparatus comprises instrumentalities forconstantly operating 'onthe marginal edge of a covering which has been applied; to one side of a rigid backing; progressively to pull successive small areas of-the margin heightwise with respect to the panel, a member at that side of the instrumentalities from which the margin is released after heightwise stressing which projects inwardly over the panel close to its surface and beneath which the margin as it is released from the instrumentalities is folded so as'to lie flat against the panel, a staple driver next to the folding member arranged to drive staples into the laid down margin and means beyond the staple driver operating constantly on the margin to stress it in a direction to shift the margin in the'direction of feed relative to the panel and at right angles thereto. The lastnamed means may be a slender roll arranged to turn about a horizontal axis parallel to the bottom of the panel and carries a helical rib for rubbing contact with the pulled I over marginal edge. Theroll is rotated in a direction to advance the marginal edge in the direction of feed at a faster rate than the panel is being advanced and islocated.

2 at a distance from the pulling over instrumentalities which is less thanthe distance between the, driven staples; The pulling over instrumentalities are a pair of downwardly inclined rollshaving tapering surfaces adapted to grip the marginal edge between them for stressing the latter heightwise and the folding means is arranged to be moved into and out of operative position overlying the surface of the panel as the rolls are moved into and out of the margin gripping position; A table situated, beneath the instrumentalities holds the work engaged therewith,'is movable vertically from an inoperative position to an operative position in time with the movement of the rolls into and out of position and in its operative position is yieldable so as to allow for irregularities in the thickness of the work. The staple driving mechanism is timed with respect to the feed, such that after a staple is driven and Fig. 3;

before the next staple is driven, the wiper which is operating at a comparatively high speed effects a forward shifting'of the margin sufficiently to pull the margin between it and the pulling over instrumentalities taut'for the insertion of the following staples; A' rollersituatedin the table is turned in a direction to assist in-advancingthe work with reference to the operating instrumentalities'.

Preferably the roller is mounted for angular adjustment the invention herein illustrated;

Fig. 2 is an isometric view of the upper part of the machine to larger scale with certain parts broken away and omitted, as seen from the right-hand forward corner of the machine; i i

Fig. 2a is a plan View of a portionof the work table showing a turned table support for the panel feed roll; Fig. 2b is a section taken on the line 2b-2b of Fig. 2a; Fig. 3 is a plan view looking down on the panel being lasted, showing the relative position of the instrumentalities operating on the marginal edge; V Fig. 4 is a vertical section takenon the line 4-4.0f

Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken snbstantiallylat right angles to that shown in Fig. 4, as seen from the righthand side ofthe machine;

Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken at right angles to that shown in Fig. 4, as seen from the left-hand side of the machine; V l

.Fig. 7 is a perspective. View of the panel showing the association of the operating instrumentalities;

Fig. 7a is a detail of amicroswitchin the control circuit;

Fig. 8 is a diagram of the pneumatic control system for the machine; and l V Fig. 9 isadia'gram of the electriccontrol system for the machine. 1

Referringto Fig. 1, there is a base .10, shown in outline only, which mounts a platform'lz on which are supported the pulling over instrumentalities 1.4, the staple driver mechanism 16 and the wiper 18. The base' ltl also mounts a vertically movable work supporting table 20 for yieldably holdingthe work in engagement with the operating instrumentalities.

The pulling rover .instrumentalities comprise a pair of downwardly tapering rolls 22 and 24, mounted on con verging arms for rotation in opposite directions. The

rolls are mounted in bearings carried by a supporting frame 26 which is tiltable relative to a horizontal plane so' that the rolls may be disposed at a slight angle inclined downwardly and in the direction of feed; which angle may be adjusted to increase or decrease the stress applied to the margin. The hearingcarrying the shaft of reference to its forward and rearward movement; whereas, the shaft of the roller 22 is mounted in bearings at the forward end of a slide 28, which is connected at its rear end to pressure operatedmeans for moving the slide 28 .forwardly, (thereby to separate the rolls to facilitate introducing the marginal edge therebetween. The details of the slide 28 are shown in the pending application of Jacob S. Kamborian et al., Serial No. 529,247, filed August 18, 1955, as well as the means for mounting the frame 26 so that it may be tilted. The proximity, that is, the spacing of the feed rolls is controlled by a screw 31 threaded through a boss 32 projecting. laterally from the slide 28, the inner end of which bears against the frame 26. By turning the screw the spacing of the rolls may be accurately set and to facilitate such setting shims of known thickness may be employed.

f The lasting rolls are driven from a horizontal shaft 25 located in the upper part of the frame 26, which extends rearwardly and has fastened to it a drive pulley 27 which is driven from .a pulley 33 located in the base of the machine, which is fast to the drive shaft 35 of a motor M.

The pulling and feeding forces applied to the margin of the material by the rolls 22 and 24 stresses the material substantially perpendicular to the panel and at the same time advances the margin so that successive small areas of the margin are gripped, pulled heightwise and then released as new areas are taken up. As the margin is released it is folded over into engagement with the bottom side of the panel which faces upwardly by a fixed folding device 34 (Fig. 3), which projects forwardly from behind the roll 24 over the edge of the panel parallel to its upper surface. The folding device 34 is retractable however to facilitate introducing the marginal edge between the rolls 22 and 24 and retraction is effected in coincidence with the rolls 22 and 24, that is, as the rolls are separated the folder is retracted and as they are brought together the folder is restored to its operative position. To this end the folder is fastened to a block 36 (Fig. 2), having a dove-tail groove 38 in. it which slidably receives the dove-tail 40 of a block 42, the latter being rigidly fastened to the lower part of 'the frame 26. A pin 44 projects laterally from the block 36through a slot 46 in the lower end of a lever 48 pivoted on the frame at 50. The upper end of the lever has a slot 52 through which extends a pin 54 projecting laterally. from the slide 28. A spring 56 is connected at one end to the pin 54 and at its other end to a rear part of the frame 26 and operates yieldably to hold the slide 28' in a rearwardly displaced position and hence to hold the rolls in engagement. The slide 28 is pushed forwardly to separate the rolls in opposition to the spring '56 by theaforesaid pressure operated cylinder, which is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 8 at 140. Forward movement of the slide at' the same time rocks the arm 48 in a counterclockwise direction so that its lower end moves the block 36 rearwardly and hence withdraws the :roll 24 which has contact with the outer surface of the margin and the roll 22 which has contact with the inner side thereof. The lower end of the roll 22 is rounded off (Figs. and 6) so as to provide an abutment which helps to resist upward displacement of the panel by the heightwise stress applied to the margin. -This heightwise movement is also opposed by the overlying portion of the folding device 34 which partially wraps .the upwardly projecting margin about the peripheral 4. surface of the roll 22 and folds the margin downwardly onto the panel.

To assist in moving the panel relative to the pulling over rolls and the folder the work supporting table 20 carries a roller 60 arranged beneath it with a portion of its peripheral edge extending upwardly through a slot 76 in the table below; the feed rolls for contact with the panel. The roller .60 is turned in.a direction to assist in moving the panel in the direction of feed, as will appear hereinafter. The table 20 is mounted on a rectangular frame 62.(Fig. 1) which is vertically movable between laterally spaced roller bearings 64 carried by a frame66. The frame 66 is vertically movable on the base 10 and'suitable means such as a rack and pinion, the latter being provided with a hand wheel, serves to adjust the heightwise position of the frame 66. Vertical adjustment of the frame 66 permits lowering and raising the table 20 with respect to the operating instrumentalities so that work pieces of difierent thickness may be covered, such for example as upholstered panels and upholstered. articles. The lowering of the table also makes it possible to reach the operating instrumentalities when necessary for repair or adjustment.

The frame 62 is supported on the frame 66 on the upper end of a vertically disposed piston rod 68 which protrudes from the upper end of an air cylinder 70, the lower end of which is fixed in a bracket 72 fastened to the frame 66. When the frame 66 is elevated to bring the table 20 to the desired heightwise position with reference to the pulling over instrumentalities the table is yieldably supported in this position by the air cylinder during the lasting operation so that it will yield to compensate for variations in the thickness of the panel and/ or of the covering material.

The roll 60 is of comparatively large diameter, projects upwardly through the table 20 through a slot 76 and is preferably mounted for rotation on a shaft 61 journaled in a bracket fastened to the underside of the table. The shaft 61 is connected by way of suitable means (not shown) to the main drive shaft 25. Optionally the roll '60 may be so mounted that the shaft 61 may be shifted angularly in a horizontal plane, thereby to vary the direction of the feeding force applied to the panel to increase or decrease the latter. Thus, as shown in Figs. 2a and 2b, a turntable 63 is mounted in the table 20 for rotation about a vertical axis. The'turntable has the slot 76 in it and the roll 60 is supported from its bottom side. In'this'case the roll 60 is connected to the main shaft through a universal coupling 81, which permits the wheel to be turned without interfering with its rotation. A handle 78 which may be a forwardly projecting portion of the shaft 61 may be employed to turn the wheel. There is suflicient friction between the turntable and the table to hold it in any given position of adjustment. The adjustment of the feed wheel makes it possible to impart a strong inward feeding force to keep a heavy panel in engagement with the pulling over instrumentalities to insure snug folding and securing of the margin and to lessen the inward feeding force when light panels with thin or beveled edges are to be covered so as to not cause damage thereto.

Next to the folding device 34 in the direction of feed there is mounted the staple mechanism 16 which has a vertically disposed nozzle 80 to which staples are supplied by the stapling mechanism 16 which cuts the staples from continuous lengths of wire and forms them prior to driving, as disclosed in United States Patent No. 2,819,464, dated January 14, 1958. The staples when driven through the margin are crimped within the substance of the panel so that their ends do not project through the covering at the right side.

The-construction and operation of the staple driving mechanism need not be related herein except in so far as to saythat the'stapler is driven from the main shaft 25' and thelatch for cocking the staple mechanism at the beginning of the" operation is released by'an aircylinder; as will appear hereinafter, so, as to causethe stapler'todrive staples constantly and in timed relationwith' the feeding of the panel.

The wiper 18is situated beyond the staple nozzle 80in the direction of feed and is in the form ofaforwardlyextending and forwardly tapering roll 841,.having onitssnrface a helically disposed rib 86; for rubbing contact with the marginal edge. The roll 34! is:fast to a shaft (not shown) supported in a bearing? 87;. The shaft 85 has fast to it a pulley 88 overwhichfis entrained'a belt 90 driven by a pulley fast to a shaft194; thelatter being driven from the main. drive shaftzby suitable connections. The bearing 87 is fastened to one end of a lever 96 pivotally mounted on the shaft 94 and the opposite end of the arm 96 is connected to one end of a coil'spring 98 which operates yield-ably to press the roller 84' downwardly toward the table top 20 and hence against the upper surface of the panel as it is moved therealong. An air cylinder 101) is mounted on the frame and has protruding from it a rod 102 which is connected to the bearing 87 for elevating the bearing and holding it elevated while the machine is at rest, thereby to permit the Wonk to be slid beneath the roll.. The wiper roll 84 is rotated in a clockwise direction at a very much higher speed than the feed rolls, approximately 3400 rpm, so that the surface of the roll 84 in contact with the work at any given instant has a much higher linear speed than the surfaces of the feed rolls which have contact with the margin at any given instant. Thus the roll 34 tends to pull the marginal edge away from the feed rolls and relative to the panel which is being advanced at the same speed as the marginal edge- The elfect of this is to stress the marginal edge in the direction of feed as well as to push it inwardly and thereby to pull that portion of the margin between the roll 84 and the feed rolls taut so that the margin will be snug at the same time the staples are driven. By locating the staple driving head 8% approximately midway between the wiper and the feed rolls and timing the driving of the staples so that the roll 84 has an opportunity to stress the marginal edge between staple driving operations, the margin is constantly shifted in the direction of feed so that there is no chance for it to gradually run off the edge of the panel by a gradual accumulation of slippage in the margin due to the elasticity of the covering material and .the natural tendency for it to relax or pull back slightly sstvgoot is connected toa conventional plug 111 mounted in an outside wall of the base It), so that it maybedisconnected from and plugged in to anoutlet from asource of: electric power at will. The motor M which drivesthe mainshaft and themotor M which drives the rotary wiper are ordinarily: running independently of thefcot switch and: are switched 011=andf0fi by switches Sand'S respectively, both switches being in: turn connected. through: suitable. leads toa source of power indicated'at 112. in circuit with the switch M0" is a: solenoid: operated air valve. 114 and a microswitch 116i (Figs.t7u.and=.9 Themicroswitch, has mounted: on one side of it a trip 113' which is biased by means of a spring toward the left, as shown in Fig 7a, so as to permit a contact 120 to have engagement with a contact 122. When the foot switch 114} is closed current is supplied to one side of the solenoid 114. A pivoted amid-24 is mounted on the microswitch housing and has at its distal end a roller 126 which is engaged by movement of the table 20 into operative position to swing the arm 124 counterclockwise, thereby to shift the contact 12%) away from the contact 122 and into engagement with the contact 128. Hence when the foot switch 110 is closed again the current is'supplied to the opposite end of the solenoid. 1

Referring to Fig. 8, before the foot switch is tripped air from an external source is supplied'through a pipe line 130, pressure regulator 132, and pipe line 134 to the solenoid operated air valve 114, .the latter being in an open position. Air under pressure is therefore distributed from the air valve 114 through a bleeder 136 and pipe line 138 to the lower end of a cylinder 14o, which has a piston rod 141 projecting therefrom. The rod 142 is connected by way of suitable linkage to the slide 28 to hold the latter in its forward position in opposition to the spring 56 and hence to hold the feed rolls normally separated when the machine is at rest. Air is also distributed under pressure through a pipe line 142 and bleeder 144 to the lower end of a piston valve 146 which blocks a port at its upper end so that air supplied to the valve 146 through the side connection 148 from the line 134 is blocked. Accordingly, there is no 'air under pressure in the pipe lines 150 and 152 which extend to the table raising cylinder 70. When there is no pressure in the line 152'.the table rests at its lower+ as it is released by the feed rolls and before it can be secured. Such pull back is not appreciably noticeable in lasting themargin of small panels and shoes and does not detract from the lasting operation as performed by prior machines of this character but for large panels where there are comparatively long runs of straight stapling, the arrangement of the fastening means between the feeding means and the wiping means is highly advantageous and desirable to secure a uniform margin. Asa matter of fact the roll operates to push the margin ahead of it, forming very small bulges, as shownin Fig. 7, so that the excess is always taken up butis so distributed as; to be unobjectionable. The rubbing action of the wiper roll also helps to press the staples down close to the surface;

The operation of the several instrumentalities is effected by a single treadle which when touched brings the feed rollstogether and starts all of the operating instrumentalities, that is, bringing the feed rolls together, advances the folder, raises the table 29, rotates the wheel 60, drives the staples and rotates the wiper. A second touching of the treadle terminates operation of all of the aforesaid instrumentalities so that the machine is restored to its initial position in which the rolls are separated and the table is lowered so that the next piece of work may be placed thereon.

Referring to Figs. 8 and 9, which diagrammatically show the pressure and electrical lines, the sequence of operation which occurs when the foot treadle is tripped'for most position.

I 162 connected to the staple latch release mechanism occupies' a normally retracted position. The latch cylinder when operated disengages the latch controlling the operation of the staple driver. Air is also delivered from the regulator 132 through a pipe line 164 to the upper end of a valve 166 and from the valve 166 through-a bleeder'168 and conductor'170 to the lower end of the cylinder 100, which normally holds the rotary wiper in an elevated position and is operative to permit the wiper to be lowered by the spring 98. There is a linkage 1'74 movable with the piston rod 141 to shift a piston 1176 within the valve 166 to cut off the pressure to the line 170 and to deliver it to a line 178, which supplies pressure through a bleeder to a clutch associated with the main drive motor M. 7

Starting with the machine at rest, the table occupies its lowermost position, the wiper is held in its up position, the feed rolls are separated, the fixed wiper .retracted and the stapler inactive. At the lowermost position of the table the arm 124 (Fig. 7a) is held displaced toward the right by a cam 125 fast to the frame so that the contact 120 engages thecont-act 128. By stepping momentarily on the foot switch 110 the solenoid 114 is shifted to cut off the supply of air through the line 138 starting and stopping the machine will now be described.

In Fig. 9, the foottreadle is-indicated'at-110. The treadle to the cylinder 140. The spring 156 accordingly operstationary wiper into position. The air in'the line 138 is bled out through the bleeder 136; Movement of the piston rod 141 in the cylinder 140 shifts the valve 166 so as to cut off the air pressure through the line 170 to the wiper cylinder 100, thereby allowing the latter to exhaust itsaiI through the bleeder 168 and allowing the spring 98 to lower the wiper. At the same time air under pressure is delivered through the line 178 to the clutch 182 so that the drive for rotating the feed rolls is established. Shifting of the solenoid also cuts off pressure through the pipe line 142, hence allowing the valve 146 to bleed to an open position through the bleeder 144. Shifting of the valve 146 allows air under pressure to enter the valve and the lines 152 and 160. Air entering the line 152 raises the table into operative position and at the same time releases the latch through the line 160 of the cylinder 162. With the table raised into operative position, the wiper lowered into operative position, the rolls engaged and the stapler operating the work is advanced linearly along its edge progressively to fold the marginal edge and staple it.

As the table moves to its operative position the low part of the cam allows the arm to move to the left which allows the contact 120 to move over to the contact 122 so that the next time the foot switch is actuated the solenoid operated valve 114 is shifted to its opposite position, thus restoring pressure to the line 138 and to the line 142 and cutting 05 the pressure to the lines 152 and 160. The table is therefore lowered and the rolls are separated. Separation of the rolls by advancing the slide restores the valve 166 to its original position which cuts off pressure through the line 178 and allows the latter to bleed through the bleeder 180 to declutch the drive from the main motor to the feed rolls. Cutting off pressure to the staple latch allows the latter to become latched and stay in its latched position so that the staple drive is rendered inoperative.

It should be understood that the present disclosure is for the purpose of illustration only and that this invention includes all modifications and equivalents which fall within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim: 7

1. Apparatus for pulling the marginal edge of flexible material applied to one side of a rigid panel over the edge of the panel and attaching it to the opposite side,

comprising instrumentalities for constantly operating on the marginal edge progressively to pull successive small areas of the margin heightwise with respect thereto, and to advance the same lengthwise while taking up new areas, a folding device next to the instrumentalities for contact with the edge of the panel to turn the margin down as it leaves the instrumentalities, a support situated below the instrumentalities mounting a work table for yieldably holding the panel engaged with the instrumentalities, panel feeding means on the table operable to assist in moving the panel in unison with the feed imparted to the margin by the instrumentalities, and means mounting the panel feeding means for angular disposition on the table so as to impart a component of feeding force to the panel in a direction to hold its edge against the folding device.

2. Apparatus for pulling the marginal edge of flexible sheet material applied to one side of a rigid panel over the edge of the panel and attaching it to the opposite side, comprising pulling over instrumentalities for progressively stressing the margin heightwise and feeding it lengthwise, a folding blade next to the rolls for turning the margin down as it leaves the rolls, a work supporting table situated beneath the rolls for holding the panel up to the pulling over instrumentalities and panel feeding means on the table operable to assist in moving the panel in unison with the feed imparted to the margin by the pulling over instrumentalities, a turntable supporting the panel feeding means on the work supporting table for angular movement in the plane of the table and means for turning the turntable without interfering with the operation of the panel feeding means.

3. Apparatus for pulling the marginal edge of flexible sheet material applied to one side of a rigid panel over the edge of the panel and attaching it to the opposite side, comprising pulling over instrumentalities for concurrently stressing the margin and feeding it lengthwise, a folding blade next to the instrumentalities for turning the margin down as it leaves the instrumentalities, a work supporting table situated beneath the instrumentalities for holding the panel up to the instrumentalities, a turntable on the work supporting table flush with the surface, said turntable being turnable about an axis perpendicular -to'the table and having a slot through it, a roller mounted under the table on the turntable so as to be turnable therewith, a portion of the peripheral edge of the roller extending upwardly through the slot for contact with the underside of the panel, a source of power, a flexible coupling connecting the roll to the source of power to effect rotation thereof, and a handle for turning the table and roll on the support to dispose its plane of rotation at an angle to the direction of feed.

4. Apparatus for pulling the marginal edge of flexible sheet material applied to one side of a rigid panel over the edge of the panel and attaching it to the opposite side, comprising instrumentalities for continuously operating on the margin progressively to pull successive small areas of the margin heightwise and to release them, a support cooperable with the instrumentalities for advancing the panel concomitantly with the movement of the margin as the latter is moved to act upon new areas as the stressed areas are released, a folding member arranged next to the instrumentalities for folding the released margin into contact 'with the panel, means next to the folder for driving staples into the folded margin, a rotary member having contact with the margin beyond the stapler in the direction of feed and means for effecting rotation thereof so that its surface at any instant of contact with the margin has a greater linear speed than that of the panel.

5. Apparatus for pulling the marginal edge of flexible sheet material applied to one side of a rigid panel over the edge of the panel and attaching it to the opposite side, comprising pulling and feeding instrumentalities operable to stress and feed the margin, means for laying the margin down as it is released by the instrumentalities, other means operative to stress the laid down margin lengthwise and similarlyto crowd it inwardly of the edge of the panel, means for driving fasteners into the margin after it leaves the first named means and before it reaches said other means, said other means operating on the driven fasteners to press them flush with the surface of the margin. 7 V

6. Apparatus for pulling the marginal edge of flexible sheet material applied to one side of a rigid panel over the edge of the panel and attaching it to the opposite side, comprising instrumentalities operable to stress and feed the margin, means for turning the stressed margin down as it is released by the instrumentalities, fastener inserting means next to the first named means in the direction of feed for driving fasteners into the turned down margin and a rotary wiper operating constantly on the margin beyond the fastener means to advance it at a faster rate than said instrumentalities release the margin.

7. Apparatus for pulling the marginal edge'of flexible sheet material applied to one side of a rigid panel over the edge of the panel and attaching it to the opposite side, comprising instrumentalities operable to stress and feed the margin, a fixed folding blade next to the instrumentalities for turning the margin down as it leaves the instrumentalities, a support situated below the instrumentalities for holding the panel up to the instrumentalities and cooperable therewith to advance the work in time by said instrumentalities, a stapler next to the folder for sheet material appliedto one side of a rigid panel over a the edge of the panel and attaching it to the opposite side, comprising lasting instrumentalities for stressing and feeding the margin, a folding blade next to the rolls for turning the margin down as it leaves the instrumentalities, a table mounting a rotatable support situated beneath the rolls for holding the panel up to the instrumentalities, and advancing it at a rate corresponding to the rate at which the margin is advanced by the instrumentalities, a stapler next to the folder, an elongate roll spaced from the stapler by an amount less than the distance between adjacent driven staples and means for rotating the roll at a rate such that the linear speed of its surface at any instant of contact with the margin is greater than the linear speed of the panel. a

9. Apparatus for pulling the marginal edge of flexible sheet material applied to one side of a rigid panel over the edge of the panel and attaching it to the opposite side, comprising instrumentalities for constantly operating on the margin progressively to pull successive small areas of the margin hei-ghtwise with respect to the panel and to advance the same, a folding device next to the instrumentalities for turning the margin down as it leaves the instrumentalities, a support situated below the instrumentalities and folding device for yieldably supporting the work against the instrumentalities and folding device, said support including means for advancing the work in time with the feeding effect of the instrumentalities on the margin and means for elevating and lowering the support as the instrumentalities are brought into engagement with the margin and separated therefrom respectively.

10. Apparatus for operating on work pieces in which 'there are several instrumentalities movable from inoperative positions to operative positions, said instrumentalities including work gripping rolls, Work folding means, a wiper and a work support, fluid operated means for effecting movement of said instrumentalities, to raise the support to bring the work into the sphere of action of the work feeding rolls and to bring them and the folding means into engagement with the work and to eflect rotation of the feeding rolls and the wiper, a solenoid operated master valve for controlling the delivery of fluid pressure by way of the master valve to several fluid operated instrumentalities, a manually operable switch and an automatically operable switch wired to be placed in series with the solenoid, said automatically operable switch having contacts shiftable by movement of one of the instrumentalities from one position to another to connect one or the other of the two sides of the solenoid in series with the manually operable switch, said manually operable switch being normally open and when operated, operable to close the circuit to either side of the solenoid.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,344,063 Seely June 22, 1920 1,988,507 Paxton Jan. 22, 1935 2,576,121 Kamborian Nov. 27, 1951 2,663,034 Schwabe Dec. 22, 1953 2,667,908 Kamborian Feb. 2, 1954 

